ICU多重耐药菌医院感染的危险因素分析
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篇名: ICU多重耐药菌医院感染的危险因素分析
TITLE:
摘要: 目的:探讨重症监护病房(ICU)发生多重耐药菌医院感染的危险因素,为ICU多重耐药菌的防控提供参考。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,选择2011年1月-2015年12月西安航天总医院(以下简称“我院”)ICU医院感染患者246例,根据药敏试验结果分为非多重耐药菌感染组(140例)和多重耐药菌感染组(106例),分析多重耐药菌组患者多重耐药菌的检出和耐药情况,并采用单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析对发生多重耐药菌医院感染的危险因素进行探讨。结果:2011-2015年,106例多重耐药菌感染患者共分离出多重耐药菌435株,以革兰氏阴性菌为主(占89.43%),且整体耐药情况较为严重。单因素分析显示,ICU住院时间、低蛋白血症、急性脑血管疾病、肾功能异常、有创机械通气时间、动静脉置管时间、留置导尿管时间、留置胃管时间、应用抗菌药物种类、应用抗菌药物时间、抗菌药物联合应用、应用碳青霉烯类抗菌药物、应用第三代头孢菌素与多重耐药菌医院感染有关(P<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析显示,急性脑血管疾病、应用抗菌药物种类、应用抗菌药物时间是ICU多重耐药菌医院感染的独立危险因素[比值比分别为2.816、1.582、1.265,95%置信区间分别为(1.540,5.151),(1.085,2.306),(1.131,1.415)]。结论:对ICU多重耐药菌感染的高危患者,应采取积极的防控和干预措施,以降低多重耐药菌医院感染发生率,提高医疗质量。
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors for nosocomial infection of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) in ICU, and to provide reference for preventing and controlling MDRO in ICU. METHODS: In retrospective study, 246 patients with nosocomial infection from ICU of Xi’an Aerospace General Hospital (hereinafter referred to as “our hospital”) during Jan. 2011-Dec. 2015 were selected and divided into non-MDRO infection group (140 cases) and MDRO infection group (106 cases). The detection and drug resistance of MDRO were analyzed in MDRO group. Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to explore risk factors for nosocomial infection of MDRO. RESULTS: During 2011-2015, 435 strains of MDRO were isolated from 106 MDRO infection patients, in which Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 89.43%, showing severe drug resistance. Univariate analysis showed that the following 13 factors were related to nosocomial infection of MDRO, such as ICU admission time, hypoproteinemia, acute cerebrovascular diseases, renal abnormalities, mechanical ventilation time, arterivenous catheterization time, urethral catheterization time, indwelling gastric tube time, type and time of using antibiotics, combined use of antibiotics, application of carbapenems and the third generation caphalosporins(P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that acute cerebrovascular diseases, type and time of using antibiotics were the independent risk factors for nosocomial infection of MDRO in ICU [odds ratios were 2.816, 1.582, 1.265, 95%CI were (1.540,5.151),(1.085,2.306),(1.131,1.415)]. CONCLUSIONS: Some prevention and control measures should be taken actively for high-risk MDRO infection patients in ICU to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection of MDRO and improve the quality of health care.
期刊: 2017年第28卷第14期
作者: 周芳,董亚琳
AUTHORS: ZHOU Fang,DONG Yalin
关键字: 重症监护病房;多重耐药菌;医院感染;危险因素
KEYWORDS: ICU; Multidrug-resistant organism; Nosocomial infection; Risk factor
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