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2015年版《中国药典》（一部）毒性药材及饮片的归纳分析
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| 篇名： | 2015年版《中国药典》（一部）毒性药材及饮片的归纳分析 |
| TITLE： | |
| 摘要： | 目的：为临床使用2015年版《中国药典》（一部）（以下简称《中国药典》）中收载的毒性药材及饮片提供参考。方法：对《中国药典》收载的药材及饮片“性味与归经”“用法与用量”“注意”项下中的内容进行归纳整理，总结出毒性药材与饮片的品种与毒性分级及临床使用的注意事项；与《神农本草经》《中药大辞典》比较，查看《中国药典》中药毒性的有无及毒性分级上是否存在差异。结果：《中国药典》共收载83种毒性药材及饮片，其中大毒有10种、有毒有42种、小毒有31种；对毒性中药的使用有限制性规定，其中孕妇禁用有30种、孕妇忌服有1种、孕妇慎用有16种、运动员慎用有3种、不可内服有6种、内服宜慎有8种、不宜生用有3种、入丸散用有5种、多入丸散有13种。《中国药典》中的毒性中药有30种同时在《神农本草经》中有收录，其中有3种药《中国药典》记载为具有毒性而《神农本草经》记载为无毒、14种药毒性分级相同、13种药毒性分级不同。《中国药典》中的毒性中药有80种同时在《中药大辞典》中有收录，其中有6种在《中国药典》中记载为具有毒性而在《中药大辞典》中记载为无毒、60种药毒性分级相同、14种药毒性分级不同。结论：因《中国药典》与《神农本草经》《中药大辞典》在中药毒性的有无和毒性分级上存在差异，有必要设立一个统一的毒性中药分级标准，以避免临床使用时产生疑义。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for clinical use of toxic herbs and decoction pieces contained in Chinese Pharmacopoeia （2015 edition， part 1） （referred to Chinese Pharmacopoeia）. METHODS： The contents in “taste and meridian” “usage and dosage” “note” for herbs and decoction pieces contained in Chinese Pharmacopoeia were summed up. Varieties and toxicity grading of toxic herbs and decoction pieces and precautions for clinical use were summarized. It was compared with Shennong Bencaojing and Zhongyao Dacidian， and examined whether there were differences in the presence or absence of toxicity and toxicity grading in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. RESULTS： Chinese Pharmacopoeia contained 83 kinds of toxic herbs and decoction pieces， in which， 10 had great toxicity， 42 had general toxicity and 31 had small toxicity. There were restrictive provisions for the use of toxic TCM， in which， 30 were forbidden for pregnant women， 1 should be contraindicated for pregnant women， 16 should be avoided for pregnant women，3 should be avoided for athletes， 6 can’t be taken orally， 8 should be avoided when taken orally， 3 were inappropriate for using with crude drugs， 5 were used by pills， and 13 were often used by pills. There were 30 toxic TCM in Chinese Pharmacopoeia， which were recorded in Shennong Bencaojing as well. 3 were recorded as toxic drugs in Chinese Pharmacopoeia while non-toxic drugs in Shennong Bencaojing， 14 had the same toxicity grading and 13 had not. And there were 80 toxic TCM in Chinese Pharmacopoeia， which were recorded in Zhongyao Dacidian as well. 6 were recorded as toxic drugs in Chinese Pharmacopoeia while non-toxic drugs in Zhongyao Dacidian， 60 had the same toxicity grading and 14 had not. CONCLUSIONS： Chinese Pharmacopoeia shows differences with Shennong Bencaojing and Zhongyao Dacidian in the presence or absence of TCM toxicity and toxicity grading. It is necessary to set up unified grading standards for toxic TCM to avoid doubts in clinical use. |
| 期刊： | 2017年第28卷第28期 |
| 作者： | 杜立平，王东升 |
| AUTHORS： | DU Liping，WANG Dongsheng |
| 关键字： | 中国药典；神农本草经；中药大辞典；毒性中药；毒性分级；注意事项 |
| KEYWORDS： | Chinese Pharmacopoeia； Shennong Bencaojing； Zhongyao Dacidian； Toxic TCM； Toxicity grading； Precautions |
| 阅读数： | 7284 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 277 次 |
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