某三级综合医院开展抗菌药物管理的过程质量评价研究
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篇名: 某三级综合医院开展抗菌药物管理的过程质量评价研究
TITLE:
摘要: 目的:为改进抗菌药物管理的过程质量提供参考。方法:基于国际上施行的抗菌药物科学化管理(AMS)策略目标,依据“结构-过程-结果”医疗质量评价模型中的过程质量评价方法,对某三级综合医院2011-2016年抗菌药物管理中实施干预的基本情况及所涉及科室、干预类型、干预原因、干预涉及的药品种类等进行统计,并对干预前(2011年)和干预后(2014年)的门诊、急诊和住院患者抗菌药物使用比例、Ⅰ类切口手术患者预防使用抗菌药物比例等相关指标进行评价。结果:共收集2 137例次干预记录;干预涉及的科室以外科为主,包括妇科、耳鼻喉科、骨科等12个外科科室(占55.97%);干预类型中,对药物使用种类的干预较高(占44.77%);干预原因以用法用量不适宜、提高治疗效果、溶剂用量不合理、开具处方未写临床诊断或临床诊断书写不全、适应证不适宜、重复给药等为主(占90.55%);干预涉及的药物以β-内酰胺类(包括碳青霉烯类)及其酶抑制剂为主(占62.43%)。干预后,门诊、急诊和住院患者的抗菌药物使用率分别由27.70%、49.42%和60.42%下降至17.57%、38.65%和47.21%;Ⅰ类切口手术患者预防使用抗菌药物比例由85.75%下降至30.33%;预防使用抗菌药物<24 h的手术占预防使用抗菌药物总例数的比例由54.52%上升至68.84%(均P<0.05);门诊、住院患者平均抗菌药物费用分别由(30.12±10.19)、(727.36±120.45)元下降至(30.03±1.34)、(609.32±48.83)元。但还存在一些问题,包括缺乏对药物使用经济性的干预,缺少多学科协作管理、信息系统不完善等延缓了抗菌药物专业化管理的推进等。结论:该院应借鉴AMS策略,建立多学科的管理机制加强抗菌药物使用的过程管理,充分发挥信息系统在抗菌药物使用管理中的作用,并加大对抗菌药物使用经济性的干预,以实现抗菌药物管理过程的专业化。
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for improving the process quality of antibiotics management. METHODS: Based on the international Antibiotics Stewardship(AMS) strategy goal, according to process quality evaluation method of “structure-process-result”medical quality evaluation model, antibiotics management intervention of a tertiary general hospital during 2011-2016 was analyzed statistically in respects of general information, department involved, intervention types, intervention reasons, drug types involved, etc. The proportion of antibiotics in outpatients, emergency patients and inpatients, the proportion of antibiotics for prophylactic use in type I incision surgery patients were evaluated before (2011) and after intervention (2014). RESULTS: A total of 2 137 intervention records were collected. The department involved in the intervention was mainly surgical department, including 12 surgical departments as gynecology department, otolaryngology department and orthopedics department (55.97%). In the type of intervention, the intervention of used drug type was relatively high (44.77%).  The main reasons for intervention included inappropriate usage and dosage, improvement of treatment effect, unreasonable amount of solvent, incomplete clinical diagnosis or clinical diagnosis deletion in prescriptions, inappropriate indication, and repeated administration (90.55%). The drugs involved were mainly β-lactam (including carbapenems) and enzyme inhibitor (62.43%). After intervention, the utilization rates of antibiotics in outpatients, emergency patients and inpatients decreased from 27.70%, 49.42%, 60.42% to 17.57%, 38.65%, 47.21%, respectively. The proportion of antibiotics for prophylactic use decreased from 85.75% to 30.33% in typeⅠincision surgery patients. The proportion of surgery with antibiotics for prophylactic use <24 h in total cases of antibiotics for prophylactic use increased from 54.52% to 68.84% (all P<0.05). Average antibiotics cost of outpatients and inpatients decreased from (30.12±10.19),(727.36±120.45) yuan to (30.03±1.34),(609.32±48.83) yuan, respectively. There still were some problems, including lacking of economic intervention for drug use, lacking of multi-disciplinary collaborative management, imperfect information system, etc., which delayed the promotion of professional antibiotics management. CONCLUSIONS: Referring to AMS strategy, the hospital should establish multidisciplinary management mechanismto strengthen the process management of antibiotics use. The role of information system in the management of antibiotics use should be given full play, and the intervention of antibiotics use economy should be increased so as to realize the specialization of antibiotics management process.
期刊: 2017年第28卷第32期
作者: 刘晓亮,李歆
AUTHORS: LIU Xiaoliang,LI Xin
关键字: 抗菌药物;管理;过程质量;评价;干预
KEYWORDS: Antibiotics; Management; Process quality; Evaluation; Intervention
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