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区块链视角下过期药品逆向供应链构建研究
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| 篇名： | 区块链视角下过期药品逆向供应链构建研究 |
| TITLE： | |
| 摘要： | 目的：为降低过期药品对公众健康的危害、提高药品回收技术水平、实现药品绿色循环经济提供参考。方法：分析我国过期药品逆向供应链发展现状和建设过程中存在的主要问题，根据区块链技术特征定性分析其在过期药品逆向供应链构建中的可行性；构建区块链视角下过期药品逆向供应链模型，并利用系统动力学方法对药品逆向供应链上各参与主体及运作效率构建仿真模型，以验证区块链技术应用于过期药品逆向供应链构建的可行性。结果与结论：运用区块链技术构建的过期药品逆向供应链模型，可有效解决我国过期药品逆向供应链存在参与主体层级较多、物流成本高、信息化程度低等主要问题。模型仿真结果显示，当使用区块链技术时，供应链上各参与主体的回收效率和回收数量均有明显增长，消费者及零售商端回收效率均由20％增加至83％左右，分销商及制造商端的回收效率分别由40％、50％增加至83％左右，各参与主体的回收数量也随着回收效率的增加均有较大幅度的增长。结论：在过期药品逆向供应链实际构建工作中，应以药品供应链参与企业为主导，强调政府机构、行业平台、消费者等的多方共同参与。药品供应链参与企业应利用区块链技术加强企业间信息沟通，建立高效信息化平台，并宣传引导消费者主动参与过期药品逆向供应链建设。政府应积极发挥政策导向性作用，加强政策保障力度；行业平台内部应借鉴国际先进案例，对过期药品的回收流程形成行业标准；消费者应充分了解过期药品的危害，并积极参与过期药品回收活动中。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for reducing the harm of expired drugs to public health， improving the technical level of drug recovery， and realizing the green recycling economy of drugs. METHODS： The literatures analysis and field investigation is conducted to analyze the development status and the main problems in the construction of the reverse supply chain of expired drugs. According to the technical characteristics of block chain， the feasibility of building the reverse supply chain of expired drugs is analyzed. In order to verify the feasibility of the application of block chain technology in the construction of the expired drug reverse supply chain， this paper attempts to build the expired drug reverse supply chain from the perspective of block chain， and uses the system dynamics method to build a simulation model for each participant in the drug reverse supply chain and its operationing efficiency. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： The reverse supply chain of expired drugs constructed by the block chain technology could effectively solve the main problems of the reverse supply chain of expired drugs in China， such as many levels of participants， high logistics cost， low level of information. The simulation results showed when using block chain technology， the recovery efficiency and recovery quantity of each participant in the supply chain were significantly increased. The recovery efficiency of consumers and retailers increased from 20％ to 83％， and those of distributors and manufacturers increased from 40％ and 50％ to 83％， respectively. The recovery quantity of each participant also increased significantly with the increase of recovery efficiency. In the actual construction of the reverse supply chain of expired drugs， the enterprises involved in the drug supply chain should be taken as the leading role， and the multi-party participation of government agencies， industry platforms and consumers should be emphasized. Drug supply chain participating enterprises should use block chain technology to strengthen information communication between enterprises， establish an efficient information platform， and promote and guide consumers to actively participate in the construction of the reverse supply chain of expired drugs. The government should give full play to the guiding role of policy and strengthen the policy guarantee； the industry platform should learn from international advanced cases to form industry standards for the recovery process of expired drugs； consumers should fully understand the hazards of expired drugs and actively participate in the recovery of expired drugs. |
| 期刊： | 2019年第30卷第24期 |
| 作者： | 曹允春，林浩楠 |
| AUTHORS： | CAO Yunchun，LIN Haonan |
| 关键字： | 区块链；过期药品；药品逆向供应链；系统动力学；物流 |
| KEYWORDS： | Block chain； Expired drugs； Drug reverse supply chain； System dynamics； Logistics |
| 阅读数： | 436 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 10 次 |
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