摘 要 目的：考察不同直径半夏药材的质量差异，为其资源的合理利用提供参考。方法：以来自国内四大药材市场、2家公司的65批商品半夏为样品，采用游标卡尺测定其直径后，用分药筛将其筛分为不同直径范围（0.5 cm≤d≤0.8 cm、0.8 cm＜d≤1.0 cm、 1.0 cm＜d≤1.2 cm、1.2 cm＜d≤1.5 cm、1.5 cm＜d≤2.0 cm）的样品。采用高效液相色谱法测定不同直径范围半夏样品中有机酸（草酸、枸橼酸、L-苹果酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、反式乌头酸、顺式乌头酸）含量，并按2015年版《中国药典》（四部）通则2201浸出物测定法中冷浸法测定不同直径范围半夏样品中浸出物含量，以评价不同直径范围半夏药材的质量差异。并以来自10个半夏主产地的73批对口药材为样品，考察其直径分布情况。结果：通过对65批商品半夏进行测定发现，虽总体上半夏药材的直径越大其有机酸和浸出物含量越高，但同一批次不同直径范围半夏样品间有机酸及浸出物含量差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。73批半夏对口药材的直径主要分布在0.6～1.8 cm之间，平均重量占比为95.54％。若以2015年版《中国药典》（一部）规定的直径标准（1～1.5 cm），73 批半夏对口药材中仅 8 批符合要求，合格率为 10.96％；若适当扩大直径范围为 0.7～1.5 cm，有 54 批符合要求，合格率为73.97％；当直径范围扩大为0.7～1.6 cm时，有68批符合要求，合格率达93.15％。结论：不同直径的半夏药材之间质量无明显差异。结合各产地半夏的直径分布情况，可将相关标准中规定的直径大小由“1～1.5 cm”扩大为“0.7～1.6 cm”，避免资源浪费。

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To investigate the quality differences of Pinelliae Rhizoma with different diameter，and to providereference for the rational utilization of its resources. METHODS：A total of 65 batches of commercial Pinelliae Rhizoma from thefour major medicinal markets in China and two companies were collected as samples，the diameter of them were measured byvernier caliper，and then them were screened into samples with different diameter ranges（0.5 cm≤d≤0.8 cm，0.8 cm＜d≤1.0cm，1.0 cm＜d≤1.2 cm，1.2 cm＜d≤1.5 cm，1.5 cm＜d≤2.0 cm）by sieving. The content of organic acids（oxalic acid，citricacid，L-malic acid，succinic acid，fumaric acid，trans-aconitic acid and cis-aconitic acid）in Pinelliae Rhizoma samples of differentdiameter ranges were determined by HPLC，and the content of the extracts of Pinelliae Rhizoma samples of different diameter

ranges were determined by cold leaching method according to 2201 general principles in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia（Part Ⅳ），to evaluate the quality difference of Pinelliae Rhizoma in different diameter ranges.73 batches of Pinelliae Rhizoma fromcorresponding 10 main producing areas were collected as samples，to investigate its distribution of diameter. RESULTS：Dtermination of 65 batches of commercial Pinelliae Rhizoma showed that the content of organic acids and extracts in PinelliaeRhizoma increased with the increase of its diameter in general. However，there were no significant difference in organic acids andcontent of the extracts among Pinelliae Rhizoma samples of different diameter ranges in the same batch（P＞0.05）. The diameter

distribution of 73 batches of Pinelliae Rhizoma from corresponding areas was mainly between 0.6 cm and 1.8 cm，with an averageweight of 95.54％. If the diameter standard（1-1.5 cm）specified in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia（part Ⅰ）wasadopted，only 8 of 73 batches of Pinelliae Rhizoma meet the requirements，and the qualified rate was 10.96％；if the diameterrange was properly expanded to 0.7-1.5 cm，54 batches of Pinelliae Rhizoma meet the requirements，with a qualified rate of73.97％；when the diameter range was expanded to 0.7-1.6 cm，68 batches of Pinelliae Rhizoma meet the requirements，with aqualified rate of 93.15％ .CONCLUSIONS：There is no significant difference in the quality of Pinelliae Rhizoma with different

diameters. Combined with the diameter distribution of Pinellia Rhizoma in different producing areas，the diameter range of 1-1.5cm specified in relative standard can be expanded to 0.7-1.6 cm，avoiding the waste of resources.