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基于“辨状论质”的园参、移山参和野山参的外观性状与化学成分的相关性研究
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| 篇名： | 基于“辨状论质”的园参、移山参和野山参的外观性状与化学成分的相关性研究 |
| TITLE： | Study on the Correlation between Morphological Characteristics and Chemical Constituents of Garden Ginseng ， Mountain Transplanted Ginseng and Mountain-grown Ginseng Based on “Evaluating Quality from Morpholo- gical Characteristics ” |
| 摘要： | 目的：探讨园参、移山参和野山参外观性状与内在化学成分的关系，为阐明人参“辨状论质”的科学内涵提供依据。方法：收集园参、移山参和野山参3类人参共30批样品，采用超高效液相色谱法测定11种单体皂苷（人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rg2、F1、Rb1、Rb2、Rb3、Rc、Rd、Ro、Rf）的含量，色谱柱为AcquityUPLC®BEHC18，流动相为0.1％甲酸水溶液-0.1％甲酸乙腈溶液（梯度洗脱），流速为0.5mL/min，柱温为35℃，检测波长为203nm，进样量为5μL；采用比色法测定淀粉含量，以0.5％碘-碘化钾试液为显色剂，在559nm波长处测定吸光度。采用SPSS23.0统计软件将30批人参样品的外观性状指标（芦碗数、芦头长度、质地）分别与11种人参皂苷含量、总皂苷含量、人参三醇型皂苷（PPT）/人参二醇型皂苷（PPD）的含量之比、淀粉含量进行Pearson相关性分析。结果：UPLC法和比色法的线性关系均良好（r＞0.999），精密度、重复性、稳定性试验的RSD均小于5％，平均加样回收率为95.17％～105.20％（RSD＜5％，n＝6）。除人参皂苷Rf外的其余10种单体皂苷含量与芦碗数、11种单体皂苷含量与芦头长度均呈显著正相关（r＞0，P＜0.05），与质地坚实程度均呈显著负相关（r＜0，P＜0.05）；人参中淀粉含量与其质地坚实程度呈显著正相关（r＝0.95，P＜0.01）；人参中PPT/PPD比值与其芦碗数、芦头长度呈显著负相关（r＜0，P＜0.05）。结论：人参芦碗数、芦头长度、质地松泡程度与其药效物质人参皂苷的含量呈正相关，且随着生长年限增加，人参中PPD含量的增长幅度高于PPT；传统的“辨状论质”以人参芦碗多、芦头长、质地松泡为优具有一定的科学内涵。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE：To investigate the correlation between the morphological characteristics and chemical constituents of garden ginseng （GG），mountain transplanted ginseng （MTG）and mountain-grown ginseng （MGG），so as to provide evidence for elucidating the scientific connotation of “evaluating quality from morphological characteristics ”. METHODS ：A total of 30 batches of GG ，MTG and MGG were collected. The contents of 11 saponins（ginsenoside Rg 1，Re，Rg2，F1，Rb1，Rb2，Rb3，Rc，Rd，Ro， Rf）were determined by UPLC. The determination was performed on Acquity UPLC ® BEH C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1％ Formic acid solution- 0.1％ Acetonitrile formate solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 35 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 203 nm，and sample size was 5 μL. The content of starch was determined by colorimetry ，and the absorbance value was measured at 559 nm with 0.5％ iodine-potassium iodide as the color reagent. SPSS 23.0 statistical software was used to perform Pearson relationship analysis for appearance characteristic indexes （number of stem scars ，rhizome length ，texture）with the contents of 11 kinds of saponins ，the content of total saponins ，the content ratio of panaxatriol saponin （PPT）/panaxadiol saponin （PPD），the content of starch. RESULTS ：The linear relationship between UPLC and colorimetry was good （r＞0.999）. RSDs of precision ，reproducibility and stability tests were all lower than 5％ . Average recoveries were 95.17％ -105.20％（RSD＜5％ ，n＝6）. Except for ginsenoside Rf ，the contents of other 10 ginsenosides were positively correlated with the number of stem scars ，so were the contents of 11 gensenosides with the rhizome length（r＞0，P＜0.05），and they were negatively correlated with the firmness of the texture （r＜0，P＜0.05）. The content of starch in P. ginseng was positively correlated with texture firmness （r＝0.95，P＜0.01）. The ratio of PPT/PPD in P. ginseng was negatively associated with the number of stem scars and the rhizome length （r＜0，P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：The number of stem scars ，the rhizome length and texture porosity of P. ginseng are positively associated with the contents of medicinal material ginsenoside；the increase of PPD content in P. ginseng was higher than that of PPT with the increase of growth years. The traditional“evaluating quality from morphological characteristics ”for P. ginseng has a certain scientific connotation ，which is more stem scars ，longer rhizome and loose texture. |
| 期刊： | 2020年第31卷第06期 |
| 作者： | 戴全宽，李林媛，徐国兵，汤丹，马鸿雁 |
| AUTHORS： | DAI Quankuan ，LI Linyuan ，XU Guobing ，TANG Dan，MA Hongyan |
| 关键字： | 人参；外观；性状；人参皂苷；淀粉；辨状论质；相关性 |
| KEYWORDS： | Panax ginseng ；Appearance； Characteristics； Ginsenoside； Starch； Evaluating quality from morphological |
| 阅读数： | 375 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 11 次 |
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