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智能响应型纳米载体用于核酸类药物递送的研究进展
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| 篇名： | 智能响应型纳米载体用于核酸类药物递送的研究进展 |
| TITLE： | Research progress of smart responsive nanocarriers for nucleic acid drug delivery |
| 摘要： | 核酸类药物可以直接对特定蛋白表达相关基因进行调控，同时因其序列设计简单、合成修饰方便、作用机制明确，已受到越来越多的关注，且有望成为肿瘤治疗等领域最有前景的药物之一。然而，核酸类药物必须依赖有效载体才能克服自身局限性以及各种跨膜障碍进而发挥疗效。目前，非病毒核酸类递送载体多存在转染效率较低的缺点，为此，研究者们设计了一系列针对体内病理环境和体外物理刺激的智能响应型纳米载体，该类载体可通过响应体内pH、氧化还原条件等特定变化或者温度、光照、超声波、磁场等外部刺激，来实现核酸类药物的精准调控释放，并提高其在靶细胞内的转染效率，降低其对正常组织和细胞的毒副作用。本文综述了当前智能响应型纳米载体在核酸类药物递送领域的研究进展，对智能响应型核酸类药物载体的功能设计及作用特点进行了介绍，以期为核酸类药物及其递送系统的研究提供参考。 |
| ABSTRACT： | Nucleic acid drugs ha ve received increasing attention and are considered to be potential for the therapy of many diseases such as tumor therapy. This is due to their selective regulation of specific protein expression ，simple sequence design ，easy synthesis and modification ，and clear mechanism of action. However ，nucleic acid drugs have to be delivered by carriers to produce therapeutic effects ，because nucleotides must rely on effective carriers to overcome their limitations and various transmembrane barriers. Currently ，most non-viral nucleic acid delivery carriers have the disadvantage of poor transfection efficiency. The researchers design a series of smart responsive nanocarriers that respond to the pathological environments in vivo or physical stimulations in vitro . By responding to internal special changes such as pH values and redox conditions or to external stimuli such as temperature ，ultrasound，magnetic field and light ，the smart responsive nanocarriers can achieve precise regulation of drug release ，enhance the transfection efficiency of nucleotides in target cells and reduce the toxic side effects on normal tissues and cells. This review summarizes the progress of smart responsive nanocarriers in the field of nucleic acid drugs delivery and introduces the functional design and features of smart responsive nanocarriers. The intent is to provide a reference for the development of nucleic acid drugs and their delivery systems. |
| 期刊： | 2022年第33卷第09期 |
| 作者： | 李慧，张金榜，李佳欣，李志平 |
| AUTHORS： | LI Hui，ZHANG Jinbang ，LI Jiaxin，LI Zhiping |
| 关键字： | 核酸类药物；纳米载体；递送系统；智能响应；内源性刺激；物理刺激 |
| KEYWORDS： | nucleic acid drugs ；nanocarriers；delivery system ；smart responsive ；endogenous stimulus ；physical stimulus |
| 阅读数： | 344 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 19 次 |
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