临床药师参与39例鲍曼不动杆菌感染患者会诊的实践与分析
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篇名: | 临床药师参与39例鲍曼不动杆菌感染患者会诊的实践与分析 |
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摘要: | 目的:探讨临床药师参与临床鲍曼不动杆菌感染患者会诊的方法及切入点,以期提高临床合理用药水平。方法:回顾性分析我院2013-2014年神经内科临床药师参与的鲍曼不动杆菌感染患者会诊记录39例。对会诊患者一般资料、感染部位、细菌培养、药敏试验结果及会诊前后用药方案、病情、感染相关指标、营养状况进行统计分析。结果:所有患者均在痰培养中发现鲍曼不动杆菌,其中多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌11例(28.2%),泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌13例(33.3%),全耐药鲍曼不动杆菌8例(20.5%),非多重耐药菌7例(17.9%)。会诊意见中最常用的药物为米诺环素,平均剂量为0.2 g/d,其次为头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠,平均剂量为9 g/d,头孢他啶平均剂量为6 g/d、依替米星平均剂量为0.27 g/d、阿米卡星平均剂量为0.4 g/d,日均剂量高于会诊前,3例患者会诊意见推荐使用磷霉素治疗。会诊前未使用抗菌药物患者2例(5.1%),单一用药13例(33.4%),二联用药22例(56.4%),三联用药2例(5.1%);会诊后未使用抗菌药物患者0例(0),单一用药7例(17.9%),两药联用26例(66.7%),三药联用6例(15.4%)。会诊后患者的症状、体温、感染相关指标均有好转,临床药师为12例(30.8%)患者调整了营养方案,为9例 (23.1%)患者调整了化痰方案。11例(28.2%)患者白蛋白较会诊前升高,20例(51.3%)患者前白蛋白较会诊前升高。结论:临床药师在会诊中应当根据患者的感染情况和身体状况,制订合理用药方案,减少不合理用药,在提供抗感染治疗方案的同时,还应注意祛痰方案和营养支持方案的调整。 |
ABSTRACT: | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the methods and breakthrough point of clinical pharmacist participating in the consultation for Acinetobacter baumannii infection cases, in order to improve the level of clinical rational drug use. METHODS: The consultation records of 39 A. baumannii infection cases in neurology department of our hospital during 2013-2014 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients’ general condition, site of infection, bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test were analyzed statistically as well as drug regimen before and after consultation, disease condition, lab indexes and nutritional status. RESULTS: A. baumannii were found in sputum culture of all patients, among which there were 11 cases of multiple resistant bacteria (28.2%), 13 cases of pan resistant bacteria (33.3%), 8 cases of drug resistant A. baumannii (20.5%) and 7 cases of non-multiple resistant bacteria (17.9%). The most widely used drug was minocycline (average dose of 0.2 g/d), followed by cefoperazone-sulbactam (average dose of 9 g/d), ceftazidime (average dose of 6 g/d), etimicin (average dose of 0.27 g/d), amikacin (average dose of 0.4 g/d). The antibacterial daily doses were higher than before. 3 patients were recommended to use fosfomycin. Before consultation, 2 patients didn’t received antibiotics (5.1%), and there were 13 cases of single drug (33.4%), 22 cases of two-drug combination (56.4%) and 2 cases of three-drug combination (5.1%). After consultation, none of patients didn’t received antibiotics (0), and there were 7 cases of single drug (17.9%), 26 cases of two-drug combination (66.7%) and 6 cases of three-drug combination (15.4%). After the consultation, body temperature, symptom and infection indexes of patients got better. Clinical pharmacists adjusted nutrition program of 12 patients (30.8%) and expecterant program of 9 patients (23.1%). Compared with before consultation, oubumin level of 11 patients (28.2%) and prealbumin level of 20 patients (51.3%) were all increased. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical pharmacist should formulate reasonable therapeutic regimen and reduce irrational drug use according to infection and physical condition. They should provide anti-infective regimen, at the same time, pay attention to the adjustment of expectorant regimen and nutrition support program. |
期刊: | 2016年第27卷第20期 |
作者: | 齐晓涟,王乔宇 |
AUTHORS: | QI Xiaolian,WANG Qiaoyu |
关键字: | 临床药师;会诊;鲍曼不动杆菌;合理用药 |
KEYWORDS: | Clinical pharmacist; Consultation; Acinetobacter baumannii; Rational drug use |
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