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重庆市基层医疗卫生机构药学人员的基本情况及药学服务开展情况调查
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| 篇名： | 重庆市基层医疗卫生机构药学人员的基本情况及药学服务开展情况调查 |
| TITLE： | |
| 摘要： | 目的：了解重庆市基层医疗卫生机构药学人员的基本情况及药学服务开展情况，为更好地推动基层医疗卫生机构药学工作的开展提供参考。方法：采用问卷调查方法，对重庆市38个区县的基层医疗卫生机构药学人员基本情况及药学服务开展情况进行调查，据此进行统计分析并提出建议。结果：共发放机构一般情况问卷调查表1 147份，回收有效问卷调查表813份，有效回收率为70.88％；共发放药学人员基本情况及药学服务开展情况问卷调查表1 972份，回收有效问卷调查表1 904份，有效回收率为96.55％。受访社区卫生服务中心的药学人员平均为4.5人（2～14人），受访乡镇卫生院的药学人员平均为2.5人（0～12人），占卫生专业技术人员的比例分别为8.69％和8.17％，且其中一部分为兼职的非该专业人员。受访机构药学人员最高学历以大专最多（占51.79％），其次为高中及中专（占21.64％）；职称以药士最多（占34.35％），其次为药师（占30.04％）；取得执业药师证书的仅占2.73％，取得国家卫生计生委临床药师岗位培训证书的人数为0。受访社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院药学人员从事的工作岗位比例相对较高的依次为门诊药房（79.67％和81.44％）、住院药房（32.94％和56.57％）、中药房（27.57％和40.85％）和库房（22.20％和24.05％）；而从事临床药学室（1.40％和0）、实验室（0.23％和0）和静脉药物配置中心（0.23％和0）等岗位工作的比例均很低。受访社区卫生服务中心开展比例排前6位的药学服务项目分别为药品调剂配发（100％）、门诊处方点评（70.00％）、药品不良反应监测（62.67％）、用药咨询（60.67％）、抗菌药物处方点评（58.00％）、用药教育和用药指导（50.00％），而药学门诊、治疗药物监测和药物基因组学检测均未开展；受访乡镇卫生院开展比例排前6位的药学服务项目分别为药品调剂配发（100％）、药品不良反应监测（62.29％）、用药咨询（59.73％）、用药教育和用药指导（53.85％）、门诊处方点评（51.58％）、抗菌药物处方点评（45.40％），而静脉药物集中配置、药学门诊、治疗药物监测和药物基因组学检测均未开展。结论：重庆市基层医疗卫生机构药学人员数量短缺，且兼职人员占有一定比例；人员整体素质不高，专业技术水平和能力有限；机构对药学服务不够重视，其服务开展情况不理想。为推动药学工作的开展，基层医疗卫生机构应重视药学服务，结合实际情况加大资金投入，优化岗位设置，完善机构建设，并加强药学人员引进和培训，不断提升其药学服务专业技术水平和能力，切实为临床提供优质、安全、人性化、专业化的药学服务。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE： To investigate the basic situation of pharmaceutical staffs and the development of pharmaceutical care in Chongqing primary health care institutions， and to provide references for promoting the development of pharmaceutical work in primary health care institutions. METHODS： A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the basic situation of pharmaceutical staffs and the development of pharmaceutical care in primary health care institutions from 38 districts and counties of Chongqing， and the data was analyzed statistically to put forward suggestion. RESULTS： A total of 1 147 questionnaires about the general situation of primary health care institutions were sent out， and 813 valid questionnaires were collected， with effective recovery rate of 70.88％. A total of 1 972 questionnaires about the general situation of pharmaceutical staffs and the development of pharmaceutical care were sent out， and 1 904 valid questionnaires were collected， with effective recovery rate of 96.55％. The average number of pharmaceutical staffs in the community health service center was 4.5（2-14 persons）， that of pharmaceutical staffs in township hospitals was 2.5（0-12 persons）， accounting for 8.69％ and 8.17％ of professional medical staffs， respectively. Some of respondents were part-time nonprofessionals. The highest educational level of surveyed pharmaceutical staffs was college degree （51.79％）， followed by high school degree and secondary school degree （21.64％）. The professional titles were mostly assistant pharmacists （34.35％）， followed by pharmacists （30.04％）. Only 2.73％ of the licensed pharmacist certificates were obtained， and no one obtained the clinical pharmacist training certificate of National Health and Family Planning Commission. In community health service center and township hospital， the higher proportion of the job positions of the pharmacists were in outpatient pharmacy （79.67％ and 81.44％）， inpatient pharmacy （32.94％ and 56.57％）， TCM pharmacy （27.54％ and 40.85％） and warehouse （22.20％ and 24.05％）； the lower proportion of the job positions of the pharmacists were in clinical pharmacy room （1.40％ and 0）， laboratory （0.23％ and 0） and PIVAS （0.23％ and 0）. Top 6 pharmaceutical care projects carried out by the community health service center included drug dispensing （100％）， out-patient prescription comment （70.00％）， ADR monitoring （62.67％）， medication consultation （60.67％）， antibiotics prescription comment （58.00％）， medication education and medication guidance （50.00％）； pharmaceutical outpatient service， therapy drug monitoring and pharmacogenomics detection were not developed. The pharmaceutical care projects carried out by township hospital included drug dispensing （100％）， ADR monitoring （62.29％）， medication consultation （59.73％）， medication education and medication guidance （53.85％）， outpatient prescription comment （51.58％）， and antibiotics prescription comment （45.40％）； centralized intravenous pharmacy admixture and administration， pharmaceutical outpatient service， therapy drug monitoring and pharmacogenomics detection were not developed. CONCLUSIONS： The pharmaceutical talents are short in Chongqing primary health care institutions and part-time staffs also have a certain proportion. The overall quality of pharmaceutical staffs is not high， and their professional skills and capabilities are limited. The institutions do not pay enough attention to pharmaceutical care， and the development of pharmaceutical care is not ideal. To promote the development of pharmaceutical care， primary health care institutions should pay more attention to pharmaceutical care， increase the investment of funds in combination with the actual situation， optimize post setting， perfect the construction of institutions， and strengthen the introduction and training of pharmaceutical staffs so as to constantly improve their professional level and pharmaceutical care capabilities， and provide high-quality， safe， humanized and professional pharmaceutical care. |
| 期刊： | 2018年第29卷第10期 |
| 作者： | 魏来，赵春景，王娜，韦娜 |
| AUTHORS： | WEI Lai，ZHAO Chunjing，WANG Na，WEI Na |
| 关键字： | 重庆；基层医疗卫生机构；药学人员；药学服务；调查 |
| KEYWORDS： | Chongqing； Primary health care institutions； Pharmaceutical staffs； Pharmaceutical care； Investigation |
| 阅读数： | 354 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 30 次 |
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